The effect of menthol containing cigarettes on adult smokers’ exposure to nicotine and carbon monoxide

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• 作者：Jingzhu Wang ; Hans J. Roethig ; Scott Appleton ; Michael Werley ; Raheema Muhammad-Kah ; Paul Mendes
• 关键词：Mentholated cigarettes ; Biomarker of exposure ; Nicotine equivalents (NE) ; COHb ; Serum cotinine ; NE per cigarettes
• 刊名：Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：June 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：57
• 期：1
• 页码：24-30
• 全文大小：188 K

文摘

There is limited information comparing biomarkers of exposure (BOE) to cigarette smoke in menthol (MS) and non-menthol cigarette smokers (NMS). Objective: To compare BOE to nicotine and carbon monoxide in MS and NMS. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational, ambulatory, multi-centre study in 3341 adult cigarette smokers. Nicotine equivalents (NE) in 24 h urine, NE/cigarette, COHb and serum cotinine were measured. Statistical analyses included analysis of variance and Wilcoxon test. Results: Analyses of variance revealed no statistically significant effects of mentholated cigarettes on NE/24 h, COHb, serum cotinine and NE/cigarette. On average MS smoked 15.0 and NMS 16.8 cigarettes/day. The unadjusted mean differences were as follows: MS had lower NE/24 h (5.4 % ) and COHb (3.2 % ), higher serum cotinine (3.0 % ) and NE/cigarette (5.7 % ) than NMS. African-Americans MS smoked 40 % fewer cigarettes, showed lower NE/24 h (24 % ) and COHb (10 % ) and higher NE/cig (29 % ) and serum cotinine (8 % ) levels than their White counterparts. Conclusions: Smoking mentholated cigarettes does not increase daily exposure to smoke constituents as measured by NE and COHb. These findings are consistent with the majority of epidemiological studies indicating no difference in smoking related risks between MS and NMS.