We found neurons projecting to the pTRG in vagal, glossopharyngeal and facial motor regions as well as in the sensory OLA.
Projecting neurons are glutamatergic, surrounded by GABA-immunoreactive structures and associated with glycinergic cells.
Blockade of GABAA and glycine receptors within these regions increases the respiratory frequency.
The results indicate that disinhibition can be one important mechanism subserving ascending pathway activation.
Projecting neurons are possibly involved in sensory-mediated respiratory regulation.