The rind microflora showed a high level of heterogeneity, and the incidence of L.?monocytogenes (never found in the paste samples) was 55 % , with an increased presence and concentration associated with a longer ripening time. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) was used to characterise L.?monocytogenes isolated from blue-veined cheese rinds and highlighted the heterogeneity among the strains, demonstrating its suitability for studying the biodiversity of the pathogen in this environment. L.?monocytogenes was able to grow during the shelf life of the cheese and was influenced by the refrigeration temperatures and the physicochemical characteristics of the cheese.