The factors affecting the mineral formation and transformation of the stalagmite are summed up and the feasibility to apply mineral features of stalagmite in paleo-climate and paleo-environment study is discussed in the paper. The saturation of solution and Mg/Ca ratio in drip water are two principal factors that control the mineral components of stalagmite. Continuous leaching by drip water may cause aragonite transforming into calcite, but the transition will be restrained by high Mg concentration in drip water. In a cave with lower Mg content in bedrock, the increase of retention time of seepage water and the slowing of drip water rates may increase the Mg/Ca ratios in solution and ultimately cause aragonite deposition during dry period. Consequently, the stalagmite mineral features can indicate climate and environment changes.