Multiple approaches are applied to analyze of the characteristics and origin of the oils from the Lower Ordovician in Tazhong area, Tarim Basin. The results show that most of the Lower Ordovician oils are mixed-source oils from both the Cambrian-Lower Ordovician and the Middle-Upper Ordovician with a little higher contribution of the former. It is detected that hydrocarbons from the Lower Ordovician should have suffered some alterations such as thermochemical sulphate reduction (TSR) after accumulation to a certain degree. These might have played an essential role in hydrocarbons alteration and reservoir preservation in this area.