Introducing the geological disasters characters and using the principles and methods of geological disasters economic loss assessment, this paper provides the geological disasters present assessment and prediction assessment and provides a scientific reference for preventing geological disasters. The assessment results showed that: 1) the extent of geological disasters in Xinning County was mainly mild; 2) based on the geological hazard classification indexs, the geological disasters of Xinning County can be divided into three levels: high, medium and low risk according to the requirements for the spot assessment. There are 9 spots of high-risk level, 49 spots of medium-risk level, 60 spots of low-risk level. All of the potential geological disasters are threatening 4885 lives and their property safety, 4232 acres of farmland. The largest potential economic losses are about 50.421 million yuan.