This paper is based on the types of giant landslides and their relevant distribution from Longyangxia valley and Liujiaxia valley along the upper Yellow River. It investigates the relationship between the giant landslides and the evolution of Yellow River.  The Gonghe tectonic movement of～125 ka B. P. caused that Yellow River cut through this study area, and shaped several high and steep slopes along the upper Yellow River, which included the early rapid downward erosion with the maximum eroseion of 30～50 ka B. P. at Jianzha Basin and the later intermittent erosion.  Above all, the mechanism of giant landslides from Longyangxia valley to Liujiaxia valley along the upper Yellow River includes three types: earthquake-triggered giant landslides; banks rebuilding-triggered giant landslides; and climate-triggered giant landslides.