In order to reconstruct the dietary structure of ancient people，the authors collected 27 human bone samples from the Qingliang Temple graveyard and measured their carbon and nitrogen isotopes. Stable isotopic analysis of 27 bone samples show that the dietary structure of ancient Qingliang Temple people mainly included C₄ plants and a few animals lived on C₄ plants. By the one way ANOVA analysis，it was found that bone samples of different genders had significant difference in δ¹⁵N but not in  δ¹³C，which might be related to social division of labor. δ¹³C  had little change from Yangshao Culture to Longshan Culture，but  δ¹⁵N  increased. This result shows that the agricultural production of planting millet and other C₄ crops was stable from Yangshao Culture to Longshan Culture，but livestock had a further development.