In this paper, the δ13Corg in surficial sediments and sinking particulate matter in South China Sea are reported to study the contribution for the surficial sediment organic material from terrestrial and marine. The difference in δ13Corg between surficial sediments and sinking particulate matter can show the effect that Suess effect exert to the modern progress in South China Sea. It is suggests the effects on the material input from rivers increase in the marginal sea with increasing human activities recently. This paper expands the understanding of carbon isotope as biogeochemical tools for the Suess effect on the isotopic composition of organic carbon in the sea, emphasizing the role that the Suess effect may play in altering the isotopic composition of organic carbon in the sea.