The concentration of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in 4 sediment samples from Longkou, Poyang Lake was analyzed by GC-ECD. Concentration of the chemicals was in the range of 7.78~93.7 ng/g for total OCPs, 0.73~39.6 ng/g for HCHs and 2.44~49.4 ng/g for DDTs. Compared with sediments from other areas, OCPs concentrations in sediments were much higher in the studied area. Concentrations of OCPs and total organic carbon (TOC) showed a good correlation in the sediments. By comparing the effects range-median (ERL) and effects range-low (ERM) values for the risk evaluation, OCPs in the surface sediments from Longkou, Poyang Lake has suffered a threat from the ecological risk.